The Quantum World: Quantum Physics for Everyone

by: Kenneth W. Ford, read in 2004

32 Alpha, beta, gamma rays = protons, electrons, photons respectively
59 Simplicity, beauty, & accuracy in physical theories
85 Wheeler was Feynman's teacher
86 The general nature of every interaction in the world: 2 fermions and 1 boson.
95 Planck's constant
101 Infinite charge and spin - I disagree
101 Bohr's rules for spin
102 Orientations of spin axis
104 Binding energy is a negative contributor to mass
105 A composite entity is a new entity: emergence?
112 Olivia Newton-John is the granddaughter of Max Born
132 Fermions and bosons
135 Quantum numbers n, ?, m
145 Bose-Einstein condensate
147 Three deep questions:
Why do fermions preserve their numbers?
Why do bosons come and go in arbitrary numbers?
Why do black holes flout the rules?
150 Wave function
152 Mathematical explanation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle
153 Short list of conserved quantities: energy, momentum, electric charge, quark and lepton flavors, and baryon number
154 Kepler's 2nd Law ~ conservation of orbital angular momentum
155 Classical laws of change - compulsion; conservation laws - prohibition
159 Contrast between invariance principles and conservation laws
159 Big-4 large scale conserved quantities: energy, momentum, angular momentum, charge
163 Charge is a scalar and not a vector
180 Symmetry, conservation, and Emmy Noether
181 Newton's 3rd law (compulsion): all forces come in balanced pairs.
182 Translational symmetry --> conservation of momentum
182 Isotropy (isotropic symmetry) --> conservation of angular momentum
183 Time symmetry --> conservation of energy
183 Relativity merges these motion symmetries and laws in 4D
183 Symmetry and charge conservation
183 Could these "unobservable changes" be hyper-dimensional?
183 Conservation laws: "profound...laws" or defined "truisms": (Bertrand Russell)
Couldn't they also be seen as the consequence of consistency? (Dick Stafford)
183 Is symmetry sufficient for physic? Dick Stafford says "yes".
189 Link between energy & mass and between wavelength & momentum
190 Circular electron orbit too simple; need 3D. How about 4D? 5D? ...11D?
190 The wave nature of the electron produces bulk! Fractal effect?
203 Explanation of an Eigenvalue Equation
203 Schrödinger's wave equation
204 The wave function is unobservable & its square yields a probability
210 Does the electron's wave function really go to zero? If so it may better be described by Thinh Tran's propensity rather than probability.
213 Position and momentum are a conjugate pair
214 Superposition
216 Time and energy are a conjugate pair
218 Wave/particle duality seems like the real/imaginary "duality" of e^x . For real x, e^x is continuous and increasing; e^ix is periodic!
[A thought: Reality = cause --> effect --> measurement. Consciousness seems to be a requirement for measurement & may be necessary for cause. Thus a cycle consciousness --> cause --> effect --> measurement --> back to consciousness. The determinants between cause, effect, and measurement are determined by laws (downward information). The links to consciousness are respectively will and perception (upward information). Will and perception require dimensional analysis, i.e. reduction of components to vectors in multiple dimensions. Thus note on p 218. Also the difference between the time metric and the space metric is the imaginary axis instead of a real axis.]
218 Cause --> particle; laws --> wave behavior (effect); measurement --> particles (wave function collapse)
218 Feynman, Wheeler, Einstein: Sum over histories. "Who needs waves? It's all particles."
250 Multipliers: micro, nano, femto, etc.



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